Thermal Interface Materials
Liquid Metal and Liquid Metal Pastes
Indium Corporation’s liquid metals are pure metals, or metal alloys, that remain liquid at room temperature, with melting points between 7.6°C and 17°C. These alloys are primarily gallium-based, often combined with elements like indium, tin, or zinc. All our liquid metals are RoHS-compliant, non-toxic, and can be transported globally in full compliance with shipping regulations.
Liquid Metal Properties
- Liquid at Room Temperature
- High Thermal Conductivity
- Non-Toxic, Gallium-Based Materials
Product Overview
Wets to Many Surfaces
Liquid metals wet to most metallic and non-metallic surfaces through two mechanisms—oxide pinning, a physical bond of an oxide to a relatively smooth surface, and reactive wetting, a metallurgical bond.
Liquid at Room Temperature
Gallium-based metals have excellent thermal conductivity, making them an ideal thermal interface material. As high-density, low viscosity materials, these substances form a thin, self-limiting oxide layer on their surface when exposed to air.
Higher Temperature, Higher Thermal Conductivity
Another interesting property of gallium-based liquid metals is that their thermal conductivity increases with temperature, meaning that the thermal performance of liquid metal TIMs improves as well.
Electrically Conductive
Liquid metals are electrically conductive and must be contained to prevent leakage or shorts in electronics. Indium Corporation’s patented multi-barrier system ensures compatibility, corrosion resistance, flexibility, and durability with gallium-based materials.
Indium Corporation’s Patented Multi-Barrier System for Liquid and Hybrid Liquid Metals
Features
High-Density, Low Viscosity
Liquid metals have viscosity similar to water but with a density that is six times greater.
Non-Toxic Alternative to Mercury
Gallium-based liquid metals have properties like mercury, but they are not toxic. They do not evaporate and cannot be inhaled.
Flexible and Stretchable Electronics
Thanks to their electrical conductivity, liquid metals and liquid metal pastes can be used in flexible and stretchable electronics, where they form electrical connections between components.
Excellent Thermal and Electrical Conductivity
Liquid metal is a pure metal or metal alloy that is liquid at or near room temperature and offers far superior thermal performance relative to non-metallic liquids. Our liquid metals for use in TIM0 and TIM1 thermal applications of CPU/GPUs remain liquid between 7.6 and 17°C (45.68–62.6°F).
Liquid Metal and Liquid Metal Paste Products
GalliTHERM® Family
Decades of expertise as a trusted supplier of gallium
Product Data Sheets
Liquid Metal Gallium and Gallium Alloys PDS 97826 (A4) R10.pdf
Liquid Metal Gallium and Gallium Alloys PDS 97826 R10.pdf
Liquid Metal TIMs PDS 99939 (A4) R2.pdf
Liquid Metal TIMs PDS 99939 R2.pdf
Related Applications
Liquid metal and liquid metal paste products are suitable for a variety of applications.
Thermal Management
Thermal solutions for HPC ensuring reliability and optimal
TIM1, TIM1.5, TIM2
Metal-based TIMs deliver high thermal performance and
Related Markets
Indium Corporation’s liquid metal and liquid metal paste products are available for use in a wide range of markets.
Related Products
Liquid Alloys
Explore versatile liquid alloys with low melting
Fusible Alloys/Low Melting Point Alloys
Utilize low melting points for easy
Metals
High-purity Indium, Gallium, Germanium, and Tin metals for
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